RQ1, ontology analysis

Processing Citizenship

June 3rd 2020

Border crossing & visibility

“We need to know who is crossing our borders … By November we will propose a European travel information system — an automated system to determine who will be allowed to travel to Europe. That way we will know who is travelling to Europe before they even get here.” (President of the European Commission J.C. 2016)

Importance

Studies of classification systems

Authorities & information systems

Building a method and a tool to visualize data infrastructures for migration management

Three steps in building our method:

Data coding (1)

Data coding (2)

An example of the technique for coding data. From top to bottom there are four levels, one for each type of element: document group, document, quote, code, code group.

An example of the technique for coding data. From top to bottom there are four levels, one for each type of element: document group, document, quote, code, code group.

Data analysis

Based on three analytical categories:

  1. Presence & absence
    • Whether a category or value used in one system is also present in another system.
    • Example, is the category “profession” that is present in the Hellenic Register of Foreigners also present in other system?
  2. Particularity
    • Whether some categories are native or peculiar to a specific system.
    • For example, are categories “date of registration in the system” or “system ID” only proper of Eurodac, or are they also used in other system?
  3. Frequency
    • In which systems specific categories and values occur more frequently.
    • For example, is the category “country of origin” mostly used on European databases like Eurodac and SISII, or evenly used across European and national databases?

Data visualization and indicators

First we create a graph, with nodes and link based on occurrences of categories.

The different set operations.

The different set operations.

Illustrating potential uses

Some illustrations of potential uses of the method.

Presence and absence, code groups

Presence of code groups for EU (Eurodac, SIS, VIS), Greek (XKA), German (XAüslander).

EU

Hellenic

German

Eurodac

SIS

VIS

XKA

XAüslander

additional info / comments

0

1

0

1

1

asylum

1

0

0

1

0

biometrics

1

1

1

0

0

biometrics: fingerprint data

1

1

1

0

0

biometrics: photograph data

0

1

1

0

0

birth data

0

1

1

1

0

birth data: date of birth

0

1

1

1

1

birth data: place of birth

0

1

1

0

1

civil status: values

0

0

0

0

1

contact info

0

0

0

1

0

criminal offence data

0

1

0

0

0

date of application

0

0

1

0

0

date of entry

0

0

0

1

0

date of exit

1

0

0

0

0

education

0

0

1

0

1

education: extent

0

0

0

0

1

education: extent: values

0

0

0

0

1

ethnicity

0

0

0

0

1

family status data

0

0

0

1

1

language

0

0

0

1

0

linking data

1

1

1

1

1

linking data: IO

0

0

0

1

0

linking data: MS

1

0

0

0

0

name: earlier/other names

0

1

1

0

1

name: forename

0

1

1

0

1

name: surname

0

1

1

1

1

nationality

0

1

1

1

1

occupation data

0

0

1

0

1

occupation data: current

0

0

1

0

0

operator data

1

0

0

0

0

parents data

0

0

1

1

0

personal ties

0

0

1

0

1

personal ties: in EU

0

0

1

0

0

procedure data

1

0

1

1

0

religion: values

0

0

0

0

1

residence

0

0

1

1

1

sex & gender

1

1

1

1

1

stay data

0

0

1

0

1

system entry data: place

0

0

0

1

0

Temporary accomodation/housing

0

0

0

1

1

travel data

0

0

1

0

1

travel document data

0

0

1

0

0

travel document type: values

0

0

0

0

1

travel document: validity: expiration

0

0

1

0

0

travel document: visa-related data

0

0

1

0

0

travel: relocation

1

0

0

1

0

vulnerability

0

0

0

1

0

In the tool:

Presence and absence, categories

Presence of categories for EU (Eurodac, SIS, VIS), Greek (XKA), German (XAüslander).

EU

Hellenic

German

Eurodac

SIS

VIS

XKA

XAüslander

a photograph of the applicant

0

0

1

0

0

a reference to the decision giving rise to the alert

0

1

0

0

0

Abweichende Namensschreibweise

0

0

0

0

1

action to be taken

0

1

0

0

0

administration status

0

0

0

1

0

age

0

0

0

1

0

aliases

0

1

0

0

0

Aliaspersonalie

0

0

0

0

1

Anderer Name

0

0

0

0

1

application for international protection: date

1

0

0

0

0

application for international protection: Member State of origin

1

0

0

0

0

application for international protection: place

1

0

0

0

0

application number

0

0

1

0

0

asylum case or residence permit

0

0

0

1

0

Asylum office

0

0

0

1

0

aufenthalt

0

0

0

0

1

aufenthaltsantrag

0

0

0

0

1

ausweisdokument

0

0

0

0

1

authority issuing the alert

0

1

0

0

0

authority which issued the travel document

0

0

1

0

0

authority with which the application has been lodged

0

0

1

0

0

cash amount

0

0

0

1

0

CBI submission in the current calendar month

0

0

0

1

0

civil status: annulment

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: civil partnership canceled

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: civil partnership dissolved by declaration of death

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: cohabit

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: divorced

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: life partner passed away

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: married

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: single

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: unknown

0

0

0

0

1

civil status: widower

0

0

0

0

1

comments

0

0

0

1

0

country of birth

0

0

1

0

0

current employer

0

0

1

0

0

current nationality

0

0

1

0

0

current occupation

0

0

1

0

0

date of birth

0

1

1

1

0

date of entry

0

0

0

1

0

date of expiry of the travel document

0

0

1

0

0

date of issue of the travel document

0

0

1

0

0

Date of lifting of geographical restriction / Date of appointment in the mainland

0

0

0

1

0

Date of list submission at central level

0

0

0

1

0

date of the application

0

0

1

0

0

date of the arrival of the person concerned after a successful transfer

1

0

0

0

0

date on which the data were transmitted to the Central System

1

0

0

0

0

date on which the fingerprints were taken

1

0

0

0

0

date when the decision to examine the application was taken

1

0

0

0

0

date when the person concerned left or was removed from the territory of the Member States

1

0

0

0

0

date when the person concerned left the territory of the Member States

1

0

0

0

0

Destination sites or hotels

0

0

0

1

0

details of the person issuing an invitation and/or liable to pay the applicant's subsistence costs during the stay

0

0

1

0

0

DIKA

0

0

0

1

0

duration of the intended stay

0

0

1

0

0

education level

0

0

0

0

1

education level: praktikum

0

0

0

0

1

education level: schulbesuch

0

0

0

0

1

education level: sprachkurs

0

0

0

0

1

education level: studium

0

0

0

0

1

ersteinreisedatum

0

0

0

0

1

ethnic group

0

0

0

0

1

familienstand

0

0

0

0

1

family relation

0

0

0

1

0

father's name

0

0

0

1

0

fingerprint data

1

0

0

0

0

fingerprints

0

1

0

0

0

fingerprints of the applicant

0

0

1

0

0

first name(s)

0

0

1

0

0

forename(s)

0

1

0

0

0

former surname(s)

0

0

1

0

0

Früherer Name

0

0

0

0

1

geburt

0

0

0

0

1

Genanntname

0

0

0

0

1

geschlecht

0

0

0

0

1

group

0

0

0

1

0

Grundpersonalien

0

0

0

0

1

heimatanschrift

0

0

0

0

1

intended border of first entry

0

0

1

0

0

intended date of arrival

0

0

1

0

0

intended date of depature

0

0

1

0

0

intended transit route

0

0

1

0

0

Künstlername

0

0

0

0

1

language

0

0

0

1

0

link(s) to other alerts

0

1

0

0

0

location before transfer

0

0

0

1

0

main destination

0

0

1

0

0

marital status

0

0

0

0

1

mbkauskunftssperre

0

0

0

0

1

mother's name

0

0

0

1

0

name

0

0

0

1

0

Name nach deutschem Recht

0

0

0

0

1

name of school

0

0

1

0

0

name(s) at birth

0

1

0

0

0

nameNatuerlichePerson

0

0

0

0

1

nationality

0

0

0

1

0

nationality at birth

0

0

1

0

0

nationality(ies)

0

1

0

0

0

Nicht definierter Name

0

0

0

0

1

number of the travel document

0

0

1

0

0

operator user ID

1

0

0

0

0

Ordensname

0

0

0

0

1

Phone

0

0

0

1

0

photographs

0

1

0

0

0

physical characteristics

0

1

0

0

0

place of birth

0

1

1

0

0

place of the application

0

0

1

0

0

previously used names

0

1

0

0

0

profession

0

0

0

0

1

progress registration on group ID

0

0

0

1

0

progress registration on individual ID

0

0

0

1

0

purpose of travel

0

0

1

0

0

reason for the alert

0

1

0

0

0

recommendation of provision of services in sites or hotels

0

0

0

1

0

reference number used by the Member State of origin

1

0

0

0

0

religion

0

0

0

0

1

religion: buddhismus

0

0

0

0

1

religion: christentum

0

0

0

0

1

religion: hinduismus

0

0

0

0

1

religion: islam

0

0

0

0

1

religion: judentum

0

0

0

0

1

religion: konfessionslos

0

0

0

0

1

religion: konfuzianer

0

0

0

0

1

religion: naturreligionen

0

0

0

0

1

religion: sonstige

0

0

0

0

1

religion: sonstige glaubensgemeinschaften

0

0

0

0

1

religion: unbekannt

0

0

0

0

1

religion: zarathustra-anhänger

0

0

0

0

1

residence

0

0

1

0

0

serial no

0

0

0

1

0

sex

1

1

1

1

0

staatsangehoerigkeit

0

0

0

0

1

status information

0

0

1

0

0

surname

0

0

1

1

0

surname and first name(s) of the applicant's father and mother

0

0

1

0

0

surname at birth

0

0

1

0

0

surname(s)

0

1

0

0

0

tod

0

0

0

0

1

travel document type: Reisedokument (Personalausweis, Grenz- gängerkarte)

0

0

0

0

1

travel document type: reisepass, nationalpass

0

0

0

0

1

travel document type: Sonstige Passersatzpapiere

0

0

0

0

1

type of travel document

0

0

1

0

0

type of visa requested

0

0

1

0

0

UNHCR cash card

0

0

0

1

0

vertreter

0

0

0

0

1

volkszugehoerigkeit

0

0

0

0

1

Vulnerability

0

0

0

1

0

whether the person concerned is armed, violent or has escaped;

0

1

0

0

0

wohnung

0

0

0

0

1

Frequency & centrality

Example

Example of centrality, comparing degree and betweenness centrality.

Example of centrality, comparing degree and betweenness centrality.

Illustrative case

Frequency table for code groups present in all systems.

Code group

Degree centrality

Betweenness centrality

travel: relocation

nationality

education: extent: values

name: surname

travel document data

personal ties

birth data: date of birth

sex & gender

date of entry

occupation data

biometrics

education

procedure data

birth data: place of birth

travel data

name: forename

residence

birth data

parents data

language

name: earlier/other names

asylum

biometrics: photograph data

family status data

vulnerability

additional info / comments

linking data: IO

Temporary accomodation/housing

education: extent

civil status: values

contact info

ethnicity

occupation data: current

stay data

linking data: MS

personal ties: in EU

operator data

biometrics: fingerprint data

system entry data: place

travel document: visa-related data

religion: values

date of exit

criminal offence data

travel document: validity: expiration

travel document type: values

date of application

Questions / comments?